Evidence before confidence
A completed activity is not automatically ready. The approved design, test result, training, release decision or controlled record must show that the requirement is met.
Factory lifecycle tool · Africa and India
A practical control system for planning, designing, building, qualifying, licensing and starting a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility with defensible evidence.
Current-status note
PIC/S: PE 009-18 is the current GMP Guide and took effect on 24 September 2026.
Qualification and validation: PIC/S PI 006-4 took effect on 1 October 2026 and is used throughout the workbook.
European Union: Annex 1 is fully applicable; the 2025 Chapter 4 and Annex 11 revisions and the Annex 15 revision remain draft or concept-stage future-direction signals.
India: revised Schedule M is the operating baseline after the limited extension ended on 31 December 2025; current Gazette changes, licence conditions and product-category rules still require project-specific confirmation.
Use the workbook correctly
The controls are intentionally comprehensive, but applicability must follow the actual products, technologies, hazards, markets, licences, outsourcing model and risks. “Not applicable” requires a justified decision; it should not be used to hide an unresolved scope question.
Africa is not one jurisdiction. Map the national medicines authority, environmental, building, occupational, fire and utility requirements for the specific country. In India, map central, state, revised Schedule M, product, pharmacopoeial and licence requirements to the proposed site.
Readiness logic
A completed activity is not automatically ready. The approved design, test result, training, release decision or controlled record must show that the requirement is met.
Product, process, contamination, data and regulatory risks must shape zoning, utilities, equipment, controls and staffing before procurement and construction lock in weaknesses.
Engineering, Quality, regulatory, laboratory, supply, IT, people, EHS and finance must work from the same scope, gates, changes, dependencies and readiness decisions.
Qualification and process validation begin with requirements and process knowledge, continue through design and PPQ, and remain active through monitoring, change and requalification.
Ten controlled decisions
Gates are decisions, not calendar dates. Activities can overlap, but a formal decision should state what is complete, what remains open, who owns it and why any residual risk is acceptable.
Approved business case, target markets, product scope, regulatory route and project governance.
Feasible process, capacity, site, containment, utilities, laboratory and operating model.
Approved process maps, zoning, flows, room data sheets, critical utilities and design criteria.
Approved user requirements, design qualification, risk controls and procurement packages.
Controlled construction, qualified vendors, FAT evidence and managed design changes.
Safe, complete systems with verified installation, as-built records and resolved punch items.
Qualified premises, utilities, equipment, laboratory and digital systems under approved procedures.
Completed transfers, method readiness, cleaning evidence and approved PPQ or validation decisions.
Complete licence dossier, inspection evidence room, trained hosts and closed critical gaps.
Authorized release system, stable operations, continued verification and management oversight.
Interactive readiness assessment
Set a status for each control and record the evidence available or the next action. Entries remain in this browser. “Ready” should mean the acceptance criterion is met and objective evidence is approved—not that work has merely started.
112 of 112 readiness controls shown
Requirements and practice reviewed 20 October 2026. Your entries are stored only in this browser.
| Control / gate | Readiness control | Owner / applicability | Criticality | Minimum evidence | Primary basis | Your assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GOV-01Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 01 · Mandate and markets | Product, market and licensing strategy Dosage forms, products, markets, licence categories and intended inspection standards are approved before design is fixed. | Sponsor / Regulatory / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Approved scope paper; market and licence matrix; regulatory engagement record | National law; PIC/S Ch. 1; ICH Q10 | |
| GOV-02Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 01 · Mandate and markets | Project charter and decision rights Scope, objectives, governance forums, accountable sponsor, Quality authority and escalation routes are defined. | Project director / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Project charter; RACI; committee terms; decision log | ICH Q10; project quality management | |
| GOV-03Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 01 · Mandate and markets | Regulatory requirements map Home-country, export-market, product, pharmacopoeial, environmental and licence requirements are version-controlled and assigned. | Regulatory / Quality / EHSJurisdiction-specific | Gate blocker | Requirements register; applicability decisions; update owners | National law; marketing authorisations | |
| GOV-04Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Project quality plan and change control Design, procurement, construction and start-up records use approved review, change, deviation and configuration controls. | Quality / EngineeringCore | Major | Project quality plan; change register; document matrix | PIC/S Ch. 1 and 4; ICH Q10 | |
| GOV-05Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Integrated master schedule and stage gates Engineering, regulatory, Quality, laboratory, supply, people and validation dependencies share one controlled plan. | Project controls / Workstream leadsCore | Major | Integrated schedule; gate criteria; dependency and recovery plans | ICH Q10; QRM practice | |
| GOV-06Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Lifecycle budget and operating model Capital, validation, spares, calibration, utilities, laboratory, staffing, working capital and start-up loss are funded. | Sponsor / Finance / OperationsCore | Major | Approved CAPEX/OPEX; cash-flow model; resource plan | Management responsibility; ICH Q10 | |
| GOV-07Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 03 · Basis of design | Outsourced activity strategy Contract design, construction, testing, calibration, warehousing or manufacturing activities have qualified providers and retained site oversight. | Procurement / Quality / Business ownerConditional | Major | Make/buy matrix; due diligence; technical agreements; oversight plan | PIC/S Ch. 7; ICH Q10 | |
| GOV-08Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Site and statutory permit pathway Land use, construction, utilities, environmental, fire, occupational and manufacturing approvals are sequenced and tracked. | Project / Legal / EHS / RegulatoryJurisdiction-specific | Gate blocker | Permit register; authority correspondence; conditions and renewals | National building, EHS and medicines law | |
| PRC-01Product, process and containment strategyGate 01 · Mandate and markets | Quality target product profiles Critical quality, stability, packaging, storage, shelf-life and market requirements are defined for the initial portfolio. | Technical / Regulatory / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Approved QTPPs; product requirement sheets; market assumptions | ICH Q8; approved dossier strategy | |
| PRC-02Product, process and containment strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Portfolio hazard and segregation assessment Sensitising, highly potent, hormonal, cytotoxic, biological, sterile and other special products are identified before site zoning. | Quality / EHS / TechnicalProduct-specific | Gate blocker | Portfolio hazard assessment; HBEL or toxicological rationale; segregation decision | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 5; WHO hazardous GMP | |
| PRC-03Product, process and containment strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Process maps and product knowledge Unit operations, material transformations, CQAs, CPPs, IPCs, losses, holds and data flows are mapped. | Technical / Production / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Process flow diagrams; CQA/CPP matrix; knowledge gaps | ICH Q8; ICH Q9(R1) | |
| PRC-04Product, process and containment strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Capacity, batch size and campaign model Demand ranges, batch sizes, line rates, yields, changeovers, utilization, maintenance and expansion are reconciled. | Operations / Engineering / FinanceCore | Major | Capacity model; campaign plan; bottleneck analysis; scenarios | QRM; operational design practice | |
| PRC-05Product, process and containment strategyGate 03 · Basis of design | Dossier-to-site alignment Proposed formulae, process, equipment, batch size, methods, specifications, pack and site match regulatory commitments. | Regulatory / Technical / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Registration gap assessment; variation plan; commitment register | Marketing authorisation; PIC/S Ch. 4 | |
| PRC-06Product, process and containment strategyGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Technology-transfer source package Development history, risks, master formulae, analytical methods, stability, validation and deviations are complete enough to transfer. | Sending unit / Receiving unit / QualityConditional | Gate blocker | Transfer package index; gap assessment; questions and closure evidence | WHO TRS 1044 Annex 4; ICH Q10 | |
| PRC-07Product, process and containment strategyGate 03 · Basis of design | Cleaning, changeover and hold-time strategy Worst cases, residues, campaign lengths, dirty/clean holds, bulk holds and sampling feasibility inform facility and equipment design. | Validation / Production / QCCore | Major | Cleaning strategy; worst-case matrix; hold-time plan; sampling design | PIC/S PI 006-4; WHO TRS 1033 Annex 2 | |
| PRC-08Product, process and containment strategyGate 03 · Basis of design | Product and process risk register Risks are linked to design controls, qualification, control strategy, procedures and continued verification. | Cross-functional team / QualityCore | Major | Approved QRM record; actions; residual-risk acceptance; review triggers | ICH Q9(R1); PIC/S Ch. 1 | |
| FAC-01Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Site suitability and resilience Location addresses flooding, access, neighbours, dust, pests, security, water, power, waste, labour and future expansion. | Project / Engineering / EHSCore | Gate blocker | Site due diligence; surveys; risk assessment; approved site selection | PIC/S Ch. 3; national planning law | |
| FAC-02Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of design | Site master plan and functional adjacency Production, laboratory, warehouse, utilities, waste, administration and expansion zones support controlled operations. | Architecture / Engineering / Users / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Approved master plan; adjacency study; expansion provisions | PIC/S Ch. 3; WHO GMP | |
| FAC-03Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of design | Personnel, material and waste flows Flows avoid mix-up, contamination, unsafe crossing and uncontrolled access under normal and abnormal conditions. | Engineering / Users / Quality / EHSCore | Gate blocker | Flow diagrams; route challenge; risk assessment; approved zoning | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 5 | |
| FAC-04Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of design | Room data sheets and environmental criteria Every GMP room has intended use, occupancy, finishes, utilities, pressure, temperature, humidity, cleaning and equipment loads. | Engineering / Users / QualityCore | Major | Approved room data sheets; room schedule; design traceability | PIC/S Ch. 3; WHO HVAC guidance | |
| FAC-05Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 04 · URS and detailed design | GMP finishes, drainage and cleanability Surfaces, junctions, penetrations, ceilings, drains and concealed spaces are durable, accessible and appropriate to contamination risk. | Architecture / Engineering / QualityCore | Major | Material specifications; mock-up approvals; inspection records | PIC/S Ch. 3; revised Schedule M | |
| FAC-06Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Changing, hygiene and support areas Gowning stages, toilets, washing, rest, maintenance and cleaning stores prevent direct impact on GMP areas. | Users / Engineering / Quality / HRCore | Major | Layouts; gowning sequence; occupancy and amenity assessment | PIC/S Ch. 2 and 3 | |
| FAC-07Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of design | Warehouse and dispatch zoning Receipt, de-dusting, sampling, quarantine, released, rejected, returned, cold-chain and dispatch areas maintain status and traceability. | Supply chain / Quality / EngineeringCore | Gate blocker | Warehouse zoning plan; status-control concept; capacity study | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 5; GDP | |
| FAC-08Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 06 · Commissioning and turnover | As-built and configuration control Final layouts, utility schematics, P&IDs, room numbers, materials and fire systems reflect installed reality and approved changes. | Engineering / Document control / QualityCore | Gate blocker | As-built dossier; drawing register; field verification; change closure | PIC/S Ch. 4; PI 006-4 | |
| AIR-01HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 03 · Basis of design | HVAC user requirements and classification Room cleanliness, pressure, temperature, humidity, recovery, occupancy and operating states are justified by product and process risk. | Engineering / Production / QualityCore | Gate blocker | HVAC URS; classification rationale; room pressure schedule | WHO TRS 1010 Annex 8; PIC/S Ch. 3 | |
| AIR-02HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 03 · Basis of design | Contamination-control and containment concept Airflow, segregation, source capture and cleaning controls address dust, microorganisms, sensitizers and potent compounds. | Quality / EHS / EngineeringProduct-specific | Gate blocker | Contamination-control strategy; containment risk assessment; HBEL inputs | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 5; Annex 1 where applicable | |
| AIR-03HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 04 · URS and detailed design | AHU zoning, recirculation and exhaust Air-handling boundaries and recirculation decisions prevent cross-contamination and unsafe discharge. | HVAC engineer / Quality / EHSCore | Gate blocker | Zoning drawings; airflow schematics; recirculation/exhaust rationale | WHO TRS 1010 Annex 8; WHO TRS 1019 Annex 2 | |
| AIR-04HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Load calculations and climatic resilience Peak heat, moisture, people, equipment, leakage, seasonal climate and degraded modes are covered with appropriate margins. | HVAC engineer / ProjectCore | Major | Design calculations; climate data; load schedule; failure-mode review | Good engineering practice; WHO HVAC guidance | |
| AIR-05HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Filtration and maintainability Filter grades, terminal arrangements, integrity needs, access, safe-change and differential monitoring match risk. | Engineering / EHS / QualityProduct-specific | Major | Filter schedule; access review; maintenance and integrity-test plan | WHO HVAC guidance; Annex 1 where applicable | |
| AIR-06HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 05 · Build and factory acceptance | Environmental monitoring and alarms Critical pressures, temperatures, humidity and particulate/microbial conditions have alert, action, escalation and data-retention logic. | Quality / Engineering / MicrobiologyCore | Major | Monitoring plan; alarm matrix; sensor map; data-flow review | PIC/S Ch. 3; WHO data integrity | |
| AIR-07HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | HVAC commissioning and qualification Balancing, airflow, HEPA integrity, pressure, recovery, temperature, humidity and classification tests are risk-based and pre-approved. | Validation / Engineering / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Commissioning records; IQ/OQ/PQ protocols and reports; deviations | PIC/S PI 006-4; WHO HVAC guidance | |
| AIR-08HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | HVAC operation and lifecycle control Set points, operating states, cleaning, filter changes, requalification, trends and response to failures are controlled. | Engineering / Quality / UsersCore | Major | SOPs; maintenance plans; training; trend and requalification plan | PIC/S Ch. 3; WHO TRS 1019 Annex 2 | |
| UTL-01Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 03 · Basis of design | Utility demand and quality attributes Peak, average, future and emergency demands are defined with required quality at each point of use. | Engineering / Users / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Utility load list; quality specification; point-of-use matrix | PIC/S Ch. 3; good engineering practice | |
| UTL-02Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 03 · Basis of design | Water source and treatment design Source variability, pretreatment, generation technology, sanitisation and reject handling support the required water grade. | Engineering / QC / QualityConditional | Gate blocker | Source characterization; design basis; treatment train; risk assessment | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 3 | |
| UTL-03Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Water storage and distribution Hygienic materials, slopes, velocity, temperature or chemical control, sampling and drainability limit biofilm and stagnation. | Engineering / Validation / QualityConditional | Gate blocker | P&IDs; hydraulic study; weld/passivation dossier; sampling map | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 3 | |
| UTL-04Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Process gases, vacuum and steam Direct and indirect product-contact utilities have defined purity, capacity, monitoring and contamination controls. | Engineering / QC / QualityConditional | Major | Specifications; P&IDs; point-of-use list; filtration and monitoring plan | PIC/S Ch. 3; product/process requirements | |
| UTL-05Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Electrical supply and backup Power quality, redundancy, generator/UPS coverage, safe shutdown and fuel availability protect critical processes, data and materials. | Electrical engineering / IT / UsersCore | Gate blocker | Load study; critical-power matrix; single-line diagrams; challenge plan | QRM; business-continuity practice | |
| UTL-06Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 05 · Build and factory acceptance | Compressed air and gas quality Oil, water, particles, microorganisms and pressure at use points are specified according to product contact and risk. | Engineering / QC / QualityConditional | Major | Risk assessment; specification; sampling plan; test and maintenance records | PIC/S Ch. 3; ISO 8573 where applicable | |
| UTL-07Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Utility monitoring and excursion response Critical parameters, sampling, alert/action limits, trends, alarms and product-impact assessment are defined before GMP use. | Engineering / QC / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Monitoring programme; alarm matrix; excursion SOP; trending templates | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 3; ICH Q9(R1) | |
| UTL-08Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Utility commissioning, qualification and maintenance Turnover, commissioning, IQ/OQ/PQ, preventive maintenance, calibration and requalification show continued control. | Engineering / Validation / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Turnover package; protocols/reports; PM/calibration and requalification plans | PIC/S PI 006-4; WHO validation guidance | |
| EQP-01Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 03 · Basis of design | Equipment master list and criticality Every GMP asset has a unique ID, intended use, capacity, location, product contact and lifecycle criticality. | Engineering / Users / QualityCore | Major | Approved equipment register; criticality and system-boundary assessment | PIC/S Ch. 3; PI 006-4 | |
| EQP-02Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 04 · URS and detailed design | User requirements and GMP design Capacity, materials, cleanability, containment, controls, data, alarms, change parts and acceptance criteria are explicit. | Users / Engineering / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Approved URS; traceability matrix; design review record | PIC/S PI 006-4; ICH Q9(R1) | |
| EQP-03Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 05 · Build and factory acceptance | Vendor qualification and FAT/SAT Vendor capability, software, documentation, fabrication quality and agreed challenge tests are verified before shipment and acceptance. | Procurement / Engineering / Validation / QualityCore | Major | Vendor assessment; FAT/SAT protocols and reports; open-item tracker | PIC/S Ch. 7; PI 006-4 | |
| EQP-04Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Automation, controls and critical data Recipes, access, audit trails, alarms, interfaces, time, backup and electronic records are specified with the equipment. | Automation / IT / Users / QualityDigital-system dependent | Gate blocker | Automation specification; data-flow map; access and audit-trail design | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; EU Annex 11 | |
| EQP-05Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 06 · Commissioning and turnover | Calibration, maintenance and spares Maintainable access, calibrated ranges, standards, preventive tasks, lubricants, critical spares and technical support are available. | Engineering / Metrology / ProcurementCore | Major | Asset plans; calibration matrix; spare-parts list; service agreements | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 4 | |
| EQP-06Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 05 · Build and factory acceptance | Cleaning and changeover design Product-contact parts, dismantling, dead legs, surfaces, cleaning methods and verification sampling are practical and safe. | Production / Validation / EngineeringCore | Gate blocker | Cleanability review; changeover trial; sampling access; cleaning instructions | PIC/S PI 006-4; WHO HBEL guidance | |
| EQP-07Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 05 · Build and factory acceptance | Safety, containment and ergonomics Machine guarding, exposure control, interlocks, lifting, access and operator tasks are assessed without undermining GMP controls. | EHS / Engineering / UsersCore | Major | Machine risk assessment; occupational exposure review; safeguards testing | National safety law; QRM | |
| EQP-08Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Equipment turnover and release package Drawings, certificates, manuals, parts, software, calibration, commissioning, punch closure and qualification status are complete. | Engineering / Validation / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Turnover dossier index; release certificate; outstanding-action assessment | PIC/S PI 006-4; Ch. 4 | |
| PRO-01Production and packaging operationsGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Area and line operational readiness Rooms, equipment, utilities, materials, documents, status labels and cleaning controls are released before trial or GMP manufacture. | Production / Engineering / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Area readiness checklist; line clearance; release approvals | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 5 | |
| PRO-02Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Master formulae and batch instructions Approved instructions match the validated process, installed equipment, registered details, data needs and actual sequence. | Production / Technical / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Master formula; master BMR/BPR; independent technical and Quality review | PIC/S Ch. 4; marketing authorisation | |
| PRO-03Production and packaging operationsGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Dispensing, issuance and status control Identity, weighing, verification, dust control, labels, segregation, reconciliation and material return are demonstrated. | Warehouse / Production / QualityCore | Major | SOPs; dispensing trials; label masters; reconciliation records | PIC/S Ch. 5 | |
| PRO-04Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | In-process control and sampling Methods, locations, frequency, limits, instruments, sample handling, actions and data review are ready at the point of use. | Production / IPC / QC / QualityCore | Gate blocker | IPC plan; sampling instructions; equipment qualification; forms | PIC/S Ch. 5 and 6 | |
| PRO-05Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Yield, reconciliation and loss control Theoretical and actual quantities, acceptable ranges, scrap, samples, printed components and discrepancy escalation are controlled. | Production / Packaging / QualityCore | Major | Approved limits; reconciliation templates; challenge exercises | PIC/S Ch. 5 | |
| PRO-06Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Packaging, coding and artwork control Approved components, line clearance, coding, online verification, specimens, vision systems and destruction prevent mix-ups. | Packaging / Regulatory / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Packaging instructions; artwork masters; coding and reconciliation trials | PIC/S Ch. 4 and 5 | |
| PRO-07Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Cleaning status and processing holds Equipment status, area cleaning, dirty/clean holds, bulk holds, campaign duration and expiry of prepared items are visible and justified. | Production / Validation / QualityCore | Major | Status-control SOP; hold-time evidence; logs; visual management | PIC/S Ch. 5; WHO TRS 992 Annex 4 | |
| PRO-08Production and packaging operationsGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-up | Controlled start-up and performance review Initial campaigns have enhanced oversight, issue escalation, daily review, defined stop criteria and management visibility. | Operations / Quality / EngineeringCore | Major | Start-up plan; tier meetings; KPI dashboard; issue and action log | ICH Q10; continued process verification | |
| SUP-01Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Supplier qualification programme Risk tiers, manufacturer identity, due diligence, audits, samples, change notification and periodic performance are defined. | Procurement / Quality / TechnicalCore | Gate blocker | Supplier SOP; risk assessments; audits; approved supplier list | PIC/S Ch. 5 and 7; ICH Q10 | |
| SUP-02Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Material specifications and control strategy Starting, packaging and consumable requirements cover identity, compendial/functional tests, storage, retest and supplier controls. | QC / Quality / ProcurementCore | Gate blocker | Approved specifications; sampling/testing strategy; CoA verification plan | PIC/S Ch. 4 to 6 | |
| SUP-03Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Warehouse status and segregation system Physical and electronic status agree for quarantine, released, rejected, returned, recalled, expired and controlled materials. | Warehouse / IT / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Status map; label masters; ERP rules; segregation challenge | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 5 | |
| SUP-04Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Storage mapping and environmental control All controlled rooms, cold rooms and chambers are mapped through seasonal or justified worst-case conditions with alarms. | Warehouse / Validation / QualityCore | Major | Mapping protocols/reports; probe rationale; alarm and excursion SOP | WHO/PIC/S GDP; product requirements | |
| SUP-05Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Inventory, FEFO and traceability Lot, status, location, quantity, retest/expiry, transaction history and reconciliation remain accurate from receipt to disposition. | Warehouse / IT / Finance / QualityCore | Major | ERP/user acceptance tests; cycle-count plan; traceability exercise | PIC/S Ch. 5; data integrity | |
| SUP-06Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Special storage and controlled materials Cold-chain, flammable, toxic, controlled-drug, printed and high-value materials have authorised access and specific safeguards. | Warehouse / EHS / Security / QualityConditional | Major | Applicability assessment; permits; access lists; logs and monitoring | National law; product requirements | |
| SUP-07Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | Dispatch, transport and distribution readiness Qualified routes, providers, packaging, temperature monitoring, security, delivery evidence and excursion handling protect product. | Supply chain / QualityCore | Major | Distribution SOP; provider qualification; route/pack qualification; mock shipment | GDP; PIC/S Ch. 8 | |
| SUP-08Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | Supply continuity and shortage risk Critical materials, single sources, lead times, foreign exchange, import permits, safety stocks and alternates are actively controlled. | Supply chain / Regulatory / Finance / QualityCore | Major | Supply risk register; continuity stock policy; qualified alternates; escalation plan | ICH Q9(R1); ICH Q10 | |
| LAB-01Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 03 · Basis of design | Laboratory scope, capacity and layout Chemical, instrumental, microbiology, sample, reagent, standard, wash and archive needs fit the product portfolio and release volume. | QC / Microbiology / Engineering / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Laboratory concept; workload/capacity model; layout and flow review | PIC/S Ch. 3 and 6; WHO TRS 1052 Annex 4 | |
| LAB-02Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Laboratory equipment lifecycle URS, qualification, calibration, maintenance, software, access, consumables and backup instruments support intended methods. | QC / Engineering / IT / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Equipment register; URS; qualification/calibration and service plans | WHO TRS 1052 Annex 4; PI 006-4 | |
| LAB-03Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Specifications, methods and transfer Current methods and specifications match registered requirements and are validated, verified or transferred before release testing. | QC / Regulatory / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Approved methods/specifications; transfer or verification protocols/reports | ICH Q2(R2); PIC/S Ch. 6 | |
| LAB-04Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Standards, reagents and microbiological media Qualification, traceability, preparation, standardisation, growth promotion, storage, labelling and expiry are operational. | QC / MicrobiologyCore | Major | SOPs; registers; qualification and preparation records | PIC/S Ch. 6; WHO QC laboratory guidance | |
| LAB-05Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Laboratory data and result workflow Worksheets, notebooks, calculations, chromatographic processing, second-person review and approval preserve complete raw data. | QC / IT / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Data-flow map; controlled templates; CDS/LIMS configuration; review checklist | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; PIC/S Ch. 4 and 6 | |
| LAB-06Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | OOS, OOT and atypical-result readiness Laboratory assessment, hypotheses, retest/resample limits, manufacturing review, impact and CAPA follow approved governance. | QC / QualityCore | Major | Approved SOP; trained investigators; forms; simulation or mock case | PIC/S Ch. 6; FDA OOS guidance | |
| LAB-07Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Stability programme and chambers Protocols, bracketing/matrixing, conditions, alarms, backup, pulls, tests, trends and excursion decisions meet commitments. | QC / Regulatory / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Stability master plan; chamber qualification/mapping; protocols; schedules | ICH Q1; PIC/S Ch. 6 | |
| LAB-08Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Microbiology and environmental capability Water, environment, bioburden, microbial limits, preservative or sterility activities are resourced and controlled as applicable. | Microbiology / Quality / ProductionProduct-specific | Major | Applicability map; methods; media controls; EM/water programme; competencies | WHO/PIC/S product and laboratory guidance | |
| CSV-01Computerised systems and data integrityGate 03 · Basis of design | GxP system inventory and data mapping Equipment software, BMS, EMS, ERP, LIMS, CDS, eQMS, spreadsheets and interfaces are identified with owners and critical data. | IT / System owners / QualityDigital-system dependent | Gate blocker | System inventory; criticality assessment; data-flow and interface maps | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; EU Annex 11 | |
| CSV-02Computerised systems and data integrityGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Computerised-system validation strategy Lifecycle deliverables, supplier leverage, risk testing, configuration, release and periodic review are defined by criticality. | IT / Validation / QualityDigital-system dependent | Major | CSV master plan; lifecycle SOP; deliverable matrix; risk assessments | WHO validation guidance; EU Annex 11 | |
| CSV-03Computerised systems and data integrityGate 05 · Build and factory acceptance | Access, security and audit-trail design Unique identities, roles, privileged access, time synchronisation, audit trails and critical-event review support attribution. | System owners / IT / QualityDigital-system dependent | Gate blocker | Role matrix; security configuration; audit-trail assessment and review plan | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; 21 CFR Part 11 | |
| CSV-04Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Interfaces, migration and master data Transfers, conversions, recipes, specifications and master data have controlled creation, verification, reconciliation and approval. | IT / System owners / QualityDigital-system dependent | Gate blocker | Migration/interface protocol; reconciliation evidence; master-data workflow | WHO data integrity; EU Annex 11 | |
| CSV-05Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Backup, restore and disaster recovery Frequency, segregation, encryption, retention, restore tests, recovery objectives and degraded operation are proven. | IT / System ownersDigital-system dependent | Major | Backup design; restore and DR test; recovery and continuity procedures | EU Annex 11; WHO data integrity | |
| CSV-06Computerised systems and data integrityGate 05 · Build and factory acceptance | Digital supplier and cloud assurance Provider competence, hosting, security, service, incident, data ownership, audit, subcontracting and exit are assessed. | IT / Procurement / Quality / LegalConditional | Major | Supplier assessment; agreement/SLA; data-location and exit plan | PIC/S Ch. 7; WHO data integrity | |
| CSV-07Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Operational procedures and periodic review User management, incident, change, audit trail, backup, business continuity and system review procedures are effective before use. | System owners / IT / QualityDigital-system dependent | Major | Approved SOPs; trained users; periodic-review schedule; mock incident | EU Annex 11; ICH Q10 | |
| CSV-08Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Validated release and data-integrity readiness Requirements, tests, deviations, traceability, data migration, security and residual risks support formal use authorization. | System owner / Validation / QualityDigital-system dependent | Gate blocker | Validation report; release approval; open-item assessment; DI readiness review | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; PIC/S PI 006-4 | |
| QMS-01Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Quality policy, manual and independent unit Senior management defines the PQS, Quality authority, escalation and independent batch-disposition responsibility. | Senior management / Head of QualityCore | Gate blocker | Quality policy/manual; organisation chart; job authorities | PIC/S Ch. 1 and 2; ICH Q10 | |
| QMS-02Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Document and record control Policies, SOPs, forms, masters, electronic records, issuance, revision, archive, retention and destruction share one controlled lifecycle. | Quality documentation / ITCore | Gate blocker | Document-control SOP; QMS master index; retention schedule; archive plan | PIC/S Ch. 4; WHO data integrity | |
| QMS-03Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Risk, deviation, CAPA and change systems Risk decisions, unplanned events, root cause, actions, extensions, effectiveness and changes are controlled and linked. | Quality / All functionsCore | Gate blocker | Approved SOPs/registers; trained owners; mock case from initiation to closure | ICH Q9(R1); ICH Q10; PIC/S Ch. 1 | |
| QMS-04Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | OOS, complaints, returns and recall Laboratory and market signals are triaged, investigated, escalated, trended and capable of effective market action. | Quality / QC / Supply chain / RegulatoryCore | Gate blocker | SOPs; contact matrix; complaint/OOS workflow; mock recall report | PIC/S Ch. 6 and 8 | |
| QMS-05Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | Self-inspection, PQR and management review Risk-based audit, product review, quality metrics and management oversight detect recurring and systemic weaknesses. | Quality / Senior managementCore | Major | Programmes; schedules; templates; governance calendar; sample review | PIC/S Ch. 1 and 9; ICH Q10 | |
| QMS-06Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Data governance and integrity Critical data, ownership, ALCOA+, paper/electronic controls, review, culture, reporting channels and remediation are established. | Senior management / Quality / ITCore | Gate blocker | Data-governance framework; maps; risk assessment; DI training and review | WHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; PIC/S PI 041-1 | |
| QMS-07Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | Batch review, certification and release Executed records, deviations, OOS, IPCs, yields, validation, status and market requirements support documented disposition. | Quality assurance / QCCore | Gate blocker | Batch-review checklist; release procedure; authorized roles; trial review | PIC/S Ch. 1, 4 and 6 | |
| QMS-08Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | Site Master File and inspection system The site description, licences, layouts, products, utilities, QMS and outsourced operations agree with current evidence. | Quality / Regulatory / Site leadershipCore | Gate blocker | Approved SMF; inspection-room index; response governance; gap tracker | PIC/S Ch. 4; WHO TRS 961 Annex 14 | |
| PPL-01Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Organisation and resource model Headcount, shifts, supervision, independent Quality/QC, engineering, validation, regulatory and support functions match the operating plan. | Site leadership / HR / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Organisation chart; staffing model; workload and shift assessment | PIC/S Ch. 2; ICH Q10 | |
| PPL-02Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Job descriptions and deputies Responsibilities, qualifications, GMP authority, conflicts, delegation and deputies are approved before personnel act independently. | HR / Department heads / QualityCore | Major | Controlled job descriptions; authorization and deputy matrix | PIC/S Ch. 2 | |
| PPL-03Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Training-needs and qualification curricula Each role maps to GMP, procedure, safety, equipment, task and requalification requirements. | Department heads / HR / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Role curricula; training matrix; prerequisites and qualification paths | PIC/S Ch. 2; revised Schedule M | |
| PPL-04Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Recruitment and competence verification Critical roles have documented education, experience, assessment, practical demonstration and authorised scope. | HR / Department heads / QualityCore | Gate blocker | CV/credential checks; assessments; observed demonstrations; authorization | PIC/S Ch. 2 | |
| PPL-05Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Health, hygiene and gowning Medical fitness, illness reporting, personal hygiene, gown selection, laundering and gowning qualification match area risk. | HR / Occupational health / QualityCore | Major | SOPs; medical programme; gowning studies; qualification records | PIC/S Ch. 2; Annex 1 where applicable | |
| PPL-06Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 06 · Commissioning and turnover | Contractor and visitor control Temporary personnel, technical specialists and visitors are qualified, inducted, supervised and access-limited. | User departments / Security / QualityCore | Major | Contractor procedure; inductions; permits; access and escort records | PIC/S Ch. 2 and 7 | |
| PPL-07Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Training system and records Approved materials, qualified trainers, attendance, competence, retraining, overdue escalation and data integrity are operational. | HR / Quality / Department headsCore | Gate blocker | Training SOP/system; trainer list; effectiveness tools; sample records | PIC/S Ch. 2; ICH Q10 | |
| PPL-08Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-up | Shift and start-up readiness Every shift has adequate trained operators, reviewers, maintenance response, laboratory support, deputies and escalation coverage. | Operations / QC / Engineering / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Shift competency matrix; readiness roster; gap and contingency plan | PIC/S Ch. 2; QRM | |
| VAL-01Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Validation Master Plan and system boundaries Facilities, utilities, equipment, methods, cleaning, processes, systems and transport have risk-based lifecycle strategies. | Validation / Quality / System ownersCore | Gate blocker | Approved VMP; system list/boundaries; validation schedule and responsibilities | PIC/S PI 006-4; WHO TRS 1019 Annex 3 | |
| VAL-02Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Design qualification and commissioning leverage URS and risk controls are traced through design; suitable commissioning evidence is planned, reviewed and retained for qualification use. | Engineering / Validation / Users / QualityCore | Gate blocker | DQ/design reviews; traceability; commissioning plan; leverage rationale | PIC/S PI 006-4 | |
| VAL-03Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | IQ, OQ and performance qualification Pre-approved tests challenge installation, operation, alarms, ranges, loads, users and worst cases with controlled deviations. | Validation / Engineering / Users / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Protocols/reports; traceability; deviations; formal release to next stage | PIC/S PI 006-4; WHO validation guidance | |
| VAL-04Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Process validation and PPQ Process knowledge, scale-up, sampling, acceptance, batches, statistics and deviations demonstrate reproducibility and control. | Technical / Production / QC / Validation / QualityCore | Gate blocker | PPQ strategy/protocol/report; batch evidence; approved conclusion | PIC/S PI 006-4; FDA Process Validation | |
| VAL-05Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Cleaning validation Worst-case products/equipment, limits, methods, recovery, locations, holds, campaigns and routine verification are scientifically justified. | Validation / Production / QC / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Cleaning-validation master plan; protocols/reports; matrix; lifecycle controls | PIC/S PI 006-4; WHO TRS 1033 Annex 2 | |
| VAL-06Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Analytical validation, verification and transfer Methods are suitable at the receiving laboratory and support raw materials, IPCs, release, cleaning and stability decisions. | QC / Technical / QualityCore | Gate blocker | Validation/verification/transfer protocols and reports; deviations | ICH Q2(R2); WHO QC laboratory guidance | |
| VAL-07Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performance | Hold-time, storage and transport qualification Process holds, cleaned-equipment holds, mapped storage and shipping conditions are supported before routine use. | Validation / Supply chain / Production / QualityCore | Major | Studies; mapping; transport qualification; excursion and monitoring plans | WHO TRS 992 Annex 4; GDP; PI 006-4 | |
| VAL-08Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-up | Continued verification and requalification Critical parameters, utilities, process capability, cleaning, alarms, trends and change signals drive periodic review and requalification. | Process owners / Validation / QualityCore | Major | CPV plan; trending dashboard; requalification matrix; review triggers | PIC/S PI 006-4; ICH Q10 | |
| EHS-01EHS, security and business continuityGate 02 · Feasibility and concept | Environmental and statutory compliance Environmental assessment, emissions, effluent, waste, water abstraction, hazardous storage and operating permits cover the final design. | EHS / Legal / ProjectJurisdiction-specific | Gate blocker | EIA/ESIA; permits; compliance register; monitoring and reporting plan | National environmental law; project conditions | |
| EHS-02EHS, security and business continuityGate 04 · URS and detailed design | Chemical and hazardous-material control Hazards, compatibility, storage, transfer, exposure, spill, disposal and emergency controls are built into the process. | EHS / Warehouse / UsersCore | Major | Chemical inventory; SDS; risk assessments; segregation and spill plans | National OHS law; WHO hazardous GMP | |
| EHS-03EHS, security and business continuityGate 06 · Commissioning and turnover | Fire and emergency systems Detection, alarm, suppression, evacuation, emergency power, access and response reflect chemical, occupancy and business risks. | EHS / Engineering / SecurityJurisdiction-specific | Gate blocker | Fire design approval; cause-and-effect tests; evacuation and response plans | National fire/building codes | |
| EHS-04EHS, security and business continuityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Occupational exposure and ergonomics Exposure limits, containment, local extraction, PPE, monitoring, health surveillance and manual handling are risk-based. | EHS / Occupational health / EngineeringCore | Major | Exposure assessments; control verification; PPE matrix; health programme | National OHS law; HBEL concepts | |
| EHS-05EHS, security and business continuityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Waste, effluent and antimicrobial-resistance control Segregation, treatment, contractor qualification, reconciliation and environmental monitoring address product and API hazards. | EHS / Engineering / QualityProduct-specific | Major | Waste map; effluent design; contracts; manifests; AMR risk assessment where relevant | WHO TRS 1025 Annex 6; national law | |
| EHS-06EHS, security and business continuityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readiness | Physical security and access Site perimeter, sensitive areas, controlled substances, data rooms, printed components and dispatch have authorised and reviewable access. | Security / IT / Quality / WarehouseCore | Major | Security risk assessment; access matrix; visitor and incident records | National law; supply-chain security practice | |
| EHS-07EHS, security and business continuityGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readiness | Business continuity and disaster recovery Power, water, IT, cold storage, utilities, critical suppliers, laboratory, fire and natural hazards have tested recovery strategies. | Site leadership / IT / Engineering / Supply chainCore | Major | Business-impact analysis; continuity plans; backups; alternate arrangements | ICH Q9(R1); ICH Q10 | |
| EHS-08EHS, security and business continuityGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-up | Emergency drills and incident integration Fire, spill, medical, utility, data, security and recall exercises produce actions that enter the PQS and management review. | EHS / Security / Quality / LeadershipCore | Major | Drill schedule/reports; incident records; CAPA and effectiveness evidence | National law; ICH Q10 |
Decision rule: unresolved “Gate blocker” items normally prevent the related stage gate from closing unless a qualified, documented risk decision establishes an acceptable interim control. This educational tool does not certify GMP compliance.
Cross-functional ownership
The workbook assigns a suggested lead, but evidence normally crosses functions. No single department can declare a pharmaceutical factory GMP-ready.
Project governance and regulatory strategy
Product, process and containment strategy
Site, facility, zoning and flows
HVAC, environment and contamination control
Water, process utilities and infrastructure
Equipment, automation and asset lifecycle
Production and packaging operations
Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distribution
Quality control, microbiology and stability
Computerised systems and data integrity
Pharmaceutical quality system and documentation
Organisation, people, training and hygiene
Qualification, validation and technology transfer
EHS, security and business continuity
Common project failures
| Failure pattern | What it creates | Better control |
|---|---|---|
| Order equipment before fixing the portfolio | Rooms, containment, utilities and capacities no longer match products or markets. | Approve product, process, hazard and licensing assumptions first. |
| Treat drawings as GMP design | Layouts look complete but flows, cleaning, data, sampling, maintenance and failure modes remain unresolved. | Trace approved user requirements and risks into design reviews and DQ. |
| Let construction changes bypass Quality | Installed systems differ from qualified drawings, specifications and regulatory commitments. | Use controlled field changes, configuration records and verified as-builts. |
| Write SOPs after commissioning | Systems cannot be operated, maintained, sampled or reviewed consistently during qualification. | Develop procedures, forms, training and lifecycle plans alongside system turnover. |
| Validate isolated machines | Interfaces among utilities, rooms, people, materials, software, laboratory and process are missed. | Qualify systems and end-to-end process/data flows, not equipment stickers. |
| Use installation completion as readiness | The facility starts with untrained staff, weak suppliers, incomplete methods and unresolved punch items. | Close evidence-based operational, QMS, laboratory and supply gates before GMP use. |
| Prepare only for the opening inspection | Controls cannot sustain routine production, maintenance, deviations, trends and supply disruption. | Design continued verification, management review and operating resilience before launch. |
Connected control system
Use the master index to convert workbook gaps into controlled policies, programmes, SOPs, specifications, methods, protocols, records and governance evidence.
Primary source framework
Official sources accessed 20 October 2026. Confirm current national law, authority interpretations, adopted standards, product registrations and project conditions before implementation.
Draft-status discipline: proposed future texts can inform design flexibility, but this workbook does not present consultation drafts or concept papers as current binding requirements.
Educational notice: This workbook supports project governance and gap assessment. It is not legal advice, an approved validation document, a substitute for qualified engineering or a certification of GMP compliance.