Factory lifecycle tool · Africa and India

Factory Setup and GMP Readiness Workbook

A practical control system for planning, designing, building, qualifying, licensing and starting a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility with defensible evidence.

Current-status note

Requirements checked to 20 October 2026.

PIC/S: PE 009-18 is the current GMP Guide and took effect on 24 September 2026.

Qualification and validation: PIC/S PI 006-4 took effect on 1 October 2026 and is used throughout the workbook.

European Union: Annex 1 is fully applicable; the 2025 Chapter 4 and Annex 11 revisions and the Annex 15 revision remain draft or concept-stage future-direction signals.

India: revised Schedule M is the operating baseline after the limited extension ended on 31 December 2025; current Gazette changes, licence conditions and product-category rules still require project-specific confirmation.

Use the workbook correctly

A decision-and-evidence framework—not a universal plant specification.

The controls are intentionally comprehensive, but applicability must follow the actual products, technologies, hazards, markets, licences, outsourcing model and risks. “Not applicable” requires a justified decision; it should not be used to hide an unresolved scope question.

Africa is not one jurisdiction. Map the national medicines authority, environmental, building, occupational, fire and utility requirements for the specific country. In India, map central, state, revised Schedule M, product, pharmacopoeial and licence requirements to the proposed site.

Readiness logic

Four rules prevent false confidence.

01

Evidence before confidence

A completed activity is not automatically ready. The approved design, test result, training, release decision or controlled record must show that the requirement is met.

02

Quality built into design

Product, process, contamination, data and regulatory risks must shape zoning, utilities, equipment, controls and staffing before procurement and construction lock in weaknesses.

03

One integrated plan

Engineering, Quality, regulatory, laboratory, supply, IT, people, EHS and finance must work from the same scope, gates, changes, dependencies and readiness decisions.

04

Lifecycle—not three batches

Qualification and process validation begin with requirements and process knowledge, continue through design and PPQ, and remain active through monitoring, change and requalification.

Ten controlled decisions

Close evidence gates before committing the next layer of risk.

Gates are decisions, not calendar dates. Activities can overlap, but a formal decision should state what is complete, what remains open, who owns it and why any residual risk is acceptable.

  1. 01

    Mandate and markets

    Approved business case, target markets, product scope, regulatory route and project governance.

  2. 02

    Feasibility and concept

    Feasible process, capacity, site, containment, utilities, laboratory and operating model.

  3. 03

    Basis of design

    Approved process maps, zoning, flows, room data sheets, critical utilities and design criteria.

  4. 04

    URS and detailed design

    Approved user requirements, design qualification, risk controls and procurement packages.

  5. 05

    Build and factory acceptance

    Controlled construction, qualified vendors, FAT evidence and managed design changes.

  6. 06

    Commissioning and turnover

    Safe, complete systems with verified installation, as-built records and resolved punch items.

  7. 07

    Qualification and operational readiness

    Qualified premises, utilities, equipment, laboratory and digital systems under approved procedures.

  8. 08

    Transfer and process performance

    Completed transfers, method readiness, cleaning evidence and approved PPQ or validation decisions.

  9. 09

    Licensing and inspection readiness

    Complete licence dossier, inspection evidence room, trained hosts and closed critical gaps.

  10. 10

    Controlled commercial start-up

    Authorized release system, stable operations, continued verification and management oversight.

Interactive readiness assessment

Turn the project plan into evidence.

Set a status for each control and record the evidence available or the next action. Entries remain in this browser. “Ready” should mean the acceptance criterion is met and objective evidence is approved—not that work has merely started.

0%evidence ready
Assessed
0/112
Ready
0
In progress
0
Open gaps
0
Gate blockers unresolved
64
01
Mandate and markets0/4 ready
02
Feasibility and concept0/10 ready
03
Basis of design0/15 ready
04
URS and detailed design0/15 ready
05
Build and factory acceptance0/7 ready
06
Commissioning and turnover0/4 ready
07
Qualification and operational readiness0/33 ready
08
Transfer and process performance0/12 ready
09
Licensing and inspection readiness0/8 ready
10
Controlled commercial start-up0/4 ready

112 of 112 readiness controls shown

Requirements and practice reviewed 20 October 2026. Your entries are stored only in this browser.

Control / gateReadiness controlOwner / applicabilityCriticalityMinimum evidencePrimary basisYour assessment
GOV-01Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 01 · Mandate and marketsProduct, market and licensing strategy

Dosage forms, products, markets, licence categories and intended inspection standards are approved before design is fixed.

Sponsor / Regulatory / QualityCoreGate blockerApproved scope paper; market and licence matrix; regulatory engagement recordNational law; PIC/S Ch. 1; ICH Q10
GOV-02Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 01 · Mandate and marketsProject charter and decision rights

Scope, objectives, governance forums, accountable sponsor, Quality authority and escalation routes are defined.

Project director / QualityCoreGate blockerProject charter; RACI; committee terms; decision logICH Q10; project quality management
GOV-03Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 01 · Mandate and marketsRegulatory requirements map

Home-country, export-market, product, pharmacopoeial, environmental and licence requirements are version-controlled and assigned.

Regulatory / Quality / EHSJurisdiction-specificGate blockerRequirements register; applicability decisions; update ownersNational law; marketing authorisations
GOV-04Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptProject quality plan and change control

Design, procurement, construction and start-up records use approved review, change, deviation and configuration controls.

Quality / EngineeringCoreMajorProject quality plan; change register; document matrixPIC/S Ch. 1 and 4; ICH Q10
GOV-05Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptIntegrated master schedule and stage gates

Engineering, regulatory, Quality, laboratory, supply, people and validation dependencies share one controlled plan.

Project controls / Workstream leadsCoreMajorIntegrated schedule; gate criteria; dependency and recovery plansICH Q10; QRM practice
GOV-06Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptLifecycle budget and operating model

Capital, validation, spares, calibration, utilities, laboratory, staffing, working capital and start-up loss are funded.

Sponsor / Finance / OperationsCoreMajorApproved CAPEX/OPEX; cash-flow model; resource planManagement responsibility; ICH Q10
GOV-07Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 03 · Basis of designOutsourced activity strategy

Contract design, construction, testing, calibration, warehousing or manufacturing activities have qualified providers and retained site oversight.

Procurement / Quality / Business ownerConditionalMajorMake/buy matrix; due diligence; technical agreements; oversight planPIC/S Ch. 7; ICH Q10
GOV-08Project governance and regulatory strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptSite and statutory permit pathway

Land use, construction, utilities, environmental, fire, occupational and manufacturing approvals are sequenced and tracked.

Project / Legal / EHS / RegulatoryJurisdiction-specificGate blockerPermit register; authority correspondence; conditions and renewalsNational building, EHS and medicines law
PRC-01Product, process and containment strategyGate 01 · Mandate and marketsQuality target product profiles

Critical quality, stability, packaging, storage, shelf-life and market requirements are defined for the initial portfolio.

Technical / Regulatory / QualityCoreGate blockerApproved QTPPs; product requirement sheets; market assumptionsICH Q8; approved dossier strategy
PRC-02Product, process and containment strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptPortfolio hazard and segregation assessment

Sensitising, highly potent, hormonal, cytotoxic, biological, sterile and other special products are identified before site zoning.

Quality / EHS / TechnicalProduct-specificGate blockerPortfolio hazard assessment; HBEL or toxicological rationale; segregation decisionPIC/S Ch. 3 and 5; WHO hazardous GMP
PRC-03Product, process and containment strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptProcess maps and product knowledge

Unit operations, material transformations, CQAs, CPPs, IPCs, losses, holds and data flows are mapped.

Technical / Production / QualityCoreGate blockerProcess flow diagrams; CQA/CPP matrix; knowledge gapsICH Q8; ICH Q9(R1)
PRC-04Product, process and containment strategyGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptCapacity, batch size and campaign model

Demand ranges, batch sizes, line rates, yields, changeovers, utilization, maintenance and expansion are reconciled.

Operations / Engineering / FinanceCoreMajorCapacity model; campaign plan; bottleneck analysis; scenariosQRM; operational design practice
PRC-05Product, process and containment strategyGate 03 · Basis of designDossier-to-site alignment

Proposed formulae, process, equipment, batch size, methods, specifications, pack and site match regulatory commitments.

Regulatory / Technical / QualityCoreGate blockerRegistration gap assessment; variation plan; commitment registerMarketing authorisation; PIC/S Ch. 4
PRC-06Product, process and containment strategyGate 04 · URS and detailed designTechnology-transfer source package

Development history, risks, master formulae, analytical methods, stability, validation and deviations are complete enough to transfer.

Sending unit / Receiving unit / QualityConditionalGate blockerTransfer package index; gap assessment; questions and closure evidenceWHO TRS 1044 Annex 4; ICH Q10
PRC-07Product, process and containment strategyGate 03 · Basis of designCleaning, changeover and hold-time strategy

Worst cases, residues, campaign lengths, dirty/clean holds, bulk holds and sampling feasibility inform facility and equipment design.

Validation / Production / QCCoreMajorCleaning strategy; worst-case matrix; hold-time plan; sampling designPIC/S PI 006-4; WHO TRS 1033 Annex 2
PRC-08Product, process and containment strategyGate 03 · Basis of designProduct and process risk register

Risks are linked to design controls, qualification, control strategy, procedures and continued verification.

Cross-functional team / QualityCoreMajorApproved QRM record; actions; residual-risk acceptance; review triggersICH Q9(R1); PIC/S Ch. 1
FAC-01Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptSite suitability and resilience

Location addresses flooding, access, neighbours, dust, pests, security, water, power, waste, labour and future expansion.

Project / Engineering / EHSCoreGate blockerSite due diligence; surveys; risk assessment; approved site selectionPIC/S Ch. 3; national planning law
FAC-02Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of designSite master plan and functional adjacency

Production, laboratory, warehouse, utilities, waste, administration and expansion zones support controlled operations.

Architecture / Engineering / Users / QualityCoreGate blockerApproved master plan; adjacency study; expansion provisionsPIC/S Ch. 3; WHO GMP
FAC-03Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of designPersonnel, material and waste flows

Flows avoid mix-up, contamination, unsafe crossing and uncontrolled access under normal and abnormal conditions.

Engineering / Users / Quality / EHSCoreGate blockerFlow diagrams; route challenge; risk assessment; approved zoningPIC/S Ch. 3 and 5
FAC-04Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of designRoom data sheets and environmental criteria

Every GMP room has intended use, occupancy, finishes, utilities, pressure, temperature, humidity, cleaning and equipment loads.

Engineering / Users / QualityCoreMajorApproved room data sheets; room schedule; design traceabilityPIC/S Ch. 3; WHO HVAC guidance
FAC-05Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 04 · URS and detailed designGMP finishes, drainage and cleanability

Surfaces, junctions, penetrations, ceilings, drains and concealed spaces are durable, accessible and appropriate to contamination risk.

Architecture / Engineering / QualityCoreMajorMaterial specifications; mock-up approvals; inspection recordsPIC/S Ch. 3; revised Schedule M
FAC-06Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 04 · URS and detailed designChanging, hygiene and support areas

Gowning stages, toilets, washing, rest, maintenance and cleaning stores prevent direct impact on GMP areas.

Users / Engineering / Quality / HRCoreMajorLayouts; gowning sequence; occupancy and amenity assessmentPIC/S Ch. 2 and 3
FAC-07Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 03 · Basis of designWarehouse and dispatch zoning

Receipt, de-dusting, sampling, quarantine, released, rejected, returned, cold-chain and dispatch areas maintain status and traceability.

Supply chain / Quality / EngineeringCoreGate blockerWarehouse zoning plan; status-control concept; capacity studyPIC/S Ch. 3 and 5; GDP
FAC-08Site, facility, zoning and flowsGate 06 · Commissioning and turnoverAs-built and configuration control

Final layouts, utility schematics, P&IDs, room numbers, materials and fire systems reflect installed reality and approved changes.

Engineering / Document control / QualityCoreGate blockerAs-built dossier; drawing register; field verification; change closurePIC/S Ch. 4; PI 006-4
AIR-01HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 03 · Basis of designHVAC user requirements and classification

Room cleanliness, pressure, temperature, humidity, recovery, occupancy and operating states are justified by product and process risk.

Engineering / Production / QualityCoreGate blockerHVAC URS; classification rationale; room pressure scheduleWHO TRS 1010 Annex 8; PIC/S Ch. 3
AIR-02HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 03 · Basis of designContamination-control and containment concept

Airflow, segregation, source capture and cleaning controls address dust, microorganisms, sensitizers and potent compounds.

Quality / EHS / EngineeringProduct-specificGate blockerContamination-control strategy; containment risk assessment; HBEL inputsPIC/S Ch. 3 and 5; Annex 1 where applicable
AIR-03HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 04 · URS and detailed designAHU zoning, recirculation and exhaust

Air-handling boundaries and recirculation decisions prevent cross-contamination and unsafe discharge.

HVAC engineer / Quality / EHSCoreGate blockerZoning drawings; airflow schematics; recirculation/exhaust rationaleWHO TRS 1010 Annex 8; WHO TRS 1019 Annex 2
AIR-04HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 04 · URS and detailed designLoad calculations and climatic resilience

Peak heat, moisture, people, equipment, leakage, seasonal climate and degraded modes are covered with appropriate margins.

HVAC engineer / ProjectCoreMajorDesign calculations; climate data; load schedule; failure-mode reviewGood engineering practice; WHO HVAC guidance
AIR-05HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 04 · URS and detailed designFiltration and maintainability

Filter grades, terminal arrangements, integrity needs, access, safe-change and differential monitoring match risk.

Engineering / EHS / QualityProduct-specificMajorFilter schedule; access review; maintenance and integrity-test planWHO HVAC guidance; Annex 1 where applicable
AIR-06HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 05 · Build and factory acceptanceEnvironmental monitoring and alarms

Critical pressures, temperatures, humidity and particulate/microbial conditions have alert, action, escalation and data-retention logic.

Quality / Engineering / MicrobiologyCoreMajorMonitoring plan; alarm matrix; sensor map; data-flow reviewPIC/S Ch. 3; WHO data integrity
AIR-07HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessHVAC commissioning and qualification

Balancing, airflow, HEPA integrity, pressure, recovery, temperature, humidity and classification tests are risk-based and pre-approved.

Validation / Engineering / QualityCoreGate blockerCommissioning records; IQ/OQ/PQ protocols and reports; deviationsPIC/S PI 006-4; WHO HVAC guidance
AIR-08HVAC, environment and contamination controlGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessHVAC operation and lifecycle control

Set points, operating states, cleaning, filter changes, requalification, trends and response to failures are controlled.

Engineering / Quality / UsersCoreMajorSOPs; maintenance plans; training; trend and requalification planPIC/S Ch. 3; WHO TRS 1019 Annex 2
UTL-01Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 03 · Basis of designUtility demand and quality attributes

Peak, average, future and emergency demands are defined with required quality at each point of use.

Engineering / Users / QualityCoreGate blockerUtility load list; quality specification; point-of-use matrixPIC/S Ch. 3; good engineering practice
UTL-02Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 03 · Basis of designWater source and treatment design

Source variability, pretreatment, generation technology, sanitisation and reject handling support the required water grade.

Engineering / QC / QualityConditionalGate blockerSource characterization; design basis; treatment train; risk assessmentWHO TRS 1033 Annex 3
UTL-03Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 04 · URS and detailed designWater storage and distribution

Hygienic materials, slopes, velocity, temperature or chemical control, sampling and drainability limit biofilm and stagnation.

Engineering / Validation / QualityConditionalGate blockerP&IDs; hydraulic study; weld/passivation dossier; sampling mapWHO TRS 1033 Annex 3
UTL-04Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 04 · URS and detailed designProcess gases, vacuum and steam

Direct and indirect product-contact utilities have defined purity, capacity, monitoring and contamination controls.

Engineering / QC / QualityConditionalMajorSpecifications; P&IDs; point-of-use list; filtration and monitoring planPIC/S Ch. 3; product/process requirements
UTL-05Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 04 · URS and detailed designElectrical supply and backup

Power quality, redundancy, generator/UPS coverage, safe shutdown and fuel availability protect critical processes, data and materials.

Electrical engineering / IT / UsersCoreGate blockerLoad study; critical-power matrix; single-line diagrams; challenge planQRM; business-continuity practice
UTL-06Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 05 · Build and factory acceptanceCompressed air and gas quality

Oil, water, particles, microorganisms and pressure at use points are specified according to product contact and risk.

Engineering / QC / QualityConditionalMajorRisk assessment; specification; sampling plan; test and maintenance recordsPIC/S Ch. 3; ISO 8573 where applicable
UTL-07Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessUtility monitoring and excursion response

Critical parameters, sampling, alert/action limits, trends, alarms and product-impact assessment are defined before GMP use.

Engineering / QC / QualityCoreGate blockerMonitoring programme; alarm matrix; excursion SOP; trending templatesWHO TRS 1033 Annex 3; ICH Q9(R1)
UTL-08Water, process utilities and infrastructureGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessUtility commissioning, qualification and maintenance

Turnover, commissioning, IQ/OQ/PQ, preventive maintenance, calibration and requalification show continued control.

Engineering / Validation / QualityCoreGate blockerTurnover package; protocols/reports; PM/calibration and requalification plansPIC/S PI 006-4; WHO validation guidance
EQP-01Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 03 · Basis of designEquipment master list and criticality

Every GMP asset has a unique ID, intended use, capacity, location, product contact and lifecycle criticality.

Engineering / Users / QualityCoreMajorApproved equipment register; criticality and system-boundary assessmentPIC/S Ch. 3; PI 006-4
EQP-02Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 04 · URS and detailed designUser requirements and GMP design

Capacity, materials, cleanability, containment, controls, data, alarms, change parts and acceptance criteria are explicit.

Users / Engineering / QualityCoreGate blockerApproved URS; traceability matrix; design review recordPIC/S PI 006-4; ICH Q9(R1)
EQP-03Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 05 · Build and factory acceptanceVendor qualification and FAT/SAT

Vendor capability, software, documentation, fabrication quality and agreed challenge tests are verified before shipment and acceptance.

Procurement / Engineering / Validation / QualityCoreMajorVendor assessment; FAT/SAT protocols and reports; open-item trackerPIC/S Ch. 7; PI 006-4
EQP-04Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 04 · URS and detailed designAutomation, controls and critical data

Recipes, access, audit trails, alarms, interfaces, time, backup and electronic records are specified with the equipment.

Automation / IT / Users / QualityDigital-system dependentGate blockerAutomation specification; data-flow map; access and audit-trail designWHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; EU Annex 11
EQP-05Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 06 · Commissioning and turnoverCalibration, maintenance and spares

Maintainable access, calibrated ranges, standards, preventive tasks, lubricants, critical spares and technical support are available.

Engineering / Metrology / ProcurementCoreMajorAsset plans; calibration matrix; spare-parts list; service agreementsPIC/S Ch. 3 and 4
EQP-06Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 05 · Build and factory acceptanceCleaning and changeover design

Product-contact parts, dismantling, dead legs, surfaces, cleaning methods and verification sampling are practical and safe.

Production / Validation / EngineeringCoreGate blockerCleanability review; changeover trial; sampling access; cleaning instructionsPIC/S PI 006-4; WHO HBEL guidance
EQP-07Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 05 · Build and factory acceptanceSafety, containment and ergonomics

Machine guarding, exposure control, interlocks, lifting, access and operator tasks are assessed without undermining GMP controls.

EHS / Engineering / UsersCoreMajorMachine risk assessment; occupational exposure review; safeguards testingNational safety law; QRM
EQP-08Equipment, automation and asset lifecycleGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessEquipment turnover and release package

Drawings, certificates, manuals, parts, software, calibration, commissioning, punch closure and qualification status are complete.

Engineering / Validation / QualityCoreGate blockerTurnover dossier index; release certificate; outstanding-action assessmentPIC/S PI 006-4; Ch. 4
PRO-01Production and packaging operationsGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessArea and line operational readiness

Rooms, equipment, utilities, materials, documents, status labels and cleaning controls are released before trial or GMP manufacture.

Production / Engineering / QualityCoreGate blockerArea readiness checklist; line clearance; release approvalsPIC/S Ch. 3 and 5
PRO-02Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceMaster formulae and batch instructions

Approved instructions match the validated process, installed equipment, registered details, data needs and actual sequence.

Production / Technical / QualityCoreGate blockerMaster formula; master BMR/BPR; independent technical and Quality reviewPIC/S Ch. 4; marketing authorisation
PRO-03Production and packaging operationsGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessDispensing, issuance and status control

Identity, weighing, verification, dust control, labels, segregation, reconciliation and material return are demonstrated.

Warehouse / Production / QualityCoreMajorSOPs; dispensing trials; label masters; reconciliation recordsPIC/S Ch. 5
PRO-04Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceIn-process control and sampling

Methods, locations, frequency, limits, instruments, sample handling, actions and data review are ready at the point of use.

Production / IPC / QC / QualityCoreGate blockerIPC plan; sampling instructions; equipment qualification; formsPIC/S Ch. 5 and 6
PRO-05Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceYield, reconciliation and loss control

Theoretical and actual quantities, acceptable ranges, scrap, samples, printed components and discrepancy escalation are controlled.

Production / Packaging / QualityCoreMajorApproved limits; reconciliation templates; challenge exercisesPIC/S Ch. 5
PRO-06Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performancePackaging, coding and artwork control

Approved components, line clearance, coding, online verification, specimens, vision systems and destruction prevent mix-ups.

Packaging / Regulatory / QualityCoreGate blockerPackaging instructions; artwork masters; coding and reconciliation trialsPIC/S Ch. 4 and 5
PRO-07Production and packaging operationsGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceCleaning status and processing holds

Equipment status, area cleaning, dirty/clean holds, bulk holds, campaign duration and expiry of prepared items are visible and justified.

Production / Validation / QualityCoreMajorStatus-control SOP; hold-time evidence; logs; visual managementPIC/S Ch. 5; WHO TRS 992 Annex 4
PRO-08Production and packaging operationsGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-upControlled start-up and performance review

Initial campaigns have enhanced oversight, issue escalation, daily review, defined stop criteria and management visibility.

Operations / Quality / EngineeringCoreMajorStart-up plan; tier meetings; KPI dashboard; issue and action logICH Q10; continued process verification
SUP-01Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessSupplier qualification programme

Risk tiers, manufacturer identity, due diligence, audits, samples, change notification and periodic performance are defined.

Procurement / Quality / TechnicalCoreGate blockerSupplier SOP; risk assessments; audits; approved supplier listPIC/S Ch. 5 and 7; ICH Q10
SUP-02Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessMaterial specifications and control strategy

Starting, packaging and consumable requirements cover identity, compendial/functional tests, storage, retest and supplier controls.

QC / Quality / ProcurementCoreGate blockerApproved specifications; sampling/testing strategy; CoA verification planPIC/S Ch. 4 to 6
SUP-03Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessWarehouse status and segregation system

Physical and electronic status agree for quarantine, released, rejected, returned, recalled, expired and controlled materials.

Warehouse / IT / QualityCoreGate blockerStatus map; label masters; ERP rules; segregation challengePIC/S Ch. 3 and 5
SUP-04Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessStorage mapping and environmental control

All controlled rooms, cold rooms and chambers are mapped through seasonal or justified worst-case conditions with alarms.

Warehouse / Validation / QualityCoreMajorMapping protocols/reports; probe rationale; alarm and excursion SOPWHO/PIC/S GDP; product requirements
SUP-05Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessInventory, FEFO and traceability

Lot, status, location, quantity, retest/expiry, transaction history and reconciliation remain accurate from receipt to disposition.

Warehouse / IT / Finance / QualityCoreMajorERP/user acceptance tests; cycle-count plan; traceability exercisePIC/S Ch. 5; data integrity
SUP-06Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessSpecial storage and controlled materials

Cold-chain, flammable, toxic, controlled-drug, printed and high-value materials have authorised access and specific safeguards.

Warehouse / EHS / Security / QualityConditionalMajorApplicability assessment; permits; access lists; logs and monitoringNational law; product requirements
SUP-07Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessDispatch, transport and distribution readiness

Qualified routes, providers, packaging, temperature monitoring, security, delivery evidence and excursion handling protect product.

Supply chain / QualityCoreMajorDistribution SOP; provider qualification; route/pack qualification; mock shipmentGDP; PIC/S Ch. 8
SUP-08Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distributionGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessSupply continuity and shortage risk

Critical materials, single sources, lead times, foreign exchange, import permits, safety stocks and alternates are actively controlled.

Supply chain / Regulatory / Finance / QualityCoreMajorSupply risk register; continuity stock policy; qualified alternates; escalation planICH Q9(R1); ICH Q10
LAB-01Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 03 · Basis of designLaboratory scope, capacity and layout

Chemical, instrumental, microbiology, sample, reagent, standard, wash and archive needs fit the product portfolio and release volume.

QC / Microbiology / Engineering / QualityCoreGate blockerLaboratory concept; workload/capacity model; layout and flow reviewPIC/S Ch. 3 and 6; WHO TRS 1052 Annex 4
LAB-02Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessLaboratory equipment lifecycle

URS, qualification, calibration, maintenance, software, access, consumables and backup instruments support intended methods.

QC / Engineering / IT / QualityCoreGate blockerEquipment register; URS; qualification/calibration and service plansWHO TRS 1052 Annex 4; PI 006-4
LAB-03Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceSpecifications, methods and transfer

Current methods and specifications match registered requirements and are validated, verified or transferred before release testing.

QC / Regulatory / QualityCoreGate blockerApproved methods/specifications; transfer or verification protocols/reportsICH Q2(R2); PIC/S Ch. 6
LAB-04Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessStandards, reagents and microbiological media

Qualification, traceability, preparation, standardisation, growth promotion, storage, labelling and expiry are operational.

QC / MicrobiologyCoreMajorSOPs; registers; qualification and preparation recordsPIC/S Ch. 6; WHO QC laboratory guidance
LAB-05Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessLaboratory data and result workflow

Worksheets, notebooks, calculations, chromatographic processing, second-person review and approval preserve complete raw data.

QC / IT / QualityCoreGate blockerData-flow map; controlled templates; CDS/LIMS configuration; review checklistWHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; PIC/S Ch. 4 and 6
LAB-06Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessOOS, OOT and atypical-result readiness

Laboratory assessment, hypotheses, retest/resample limits, manufacturing review, impact and CAPA follow approved governance.

QC / QualityCoreMajorApproved SOP; trained investigators; forms; simulation or mock casePIC/S Ch. 6; FDA OOS guidance
LAB-07Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceStability programme and chambers

Protocols, bracketing/matrixing, conditions, alarms, backup, pulls, tests, trends and excursion decisions meet commitments.

QC / Regulatory / QualityCoreGate blockerStability master plan; chamber qualification/mapping; protocols; schedulesICH Q1; PIC/S Ch. 6
LAB-08Quality control, microbiology and stabilityGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceMicrobiology and environmental capability

Water, environment, bioburden, microbial limits, preservative or sterility activities are resourced and controlled as applicable.

Microbiology / Quality / ProductionProduct-specificMajorApplicability map; methods; media controls; EM/water programme; competenciesWHO/PIC/S product and laboratory guidance
CSV-01Computerised systems and data integrityGate 03 · Basis of designGxP system inventory and data mapping

Equipment software, BMS, EMS, ERP, LIMS, CDS, eQMS, spreadsheets and interfaces are identified with owners and critical data.

IT / System owners / QualityDigital-system dependentGate blockerSystem inventory; criticality assessment; data-flow and interface mapsWHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; EU Annex 11
CSV-02Computerised systems and data integrityGate 04 · URS and detailed designComputerised-system validation strategy

Lifecycle deliverables, supplier leverage, risk testing, configuration, release and periodic review are defined by criticality.

IT / Validation / QualityDigital-system dependentMajorCSV master plan; lifecycle SOP; deliverable matrix; risk assessmentsWHO validation guidance; EU Annex 11
CSV-03Computerised systems and data integrityGate 05 · Build and factory acceptanceAccess, security and audit-trail design

Unique identities, roles, privileged access, time synchronisation, audit trails and critical-event review support attribution.

System owners / IT / QualityDigital-system dependentGate blockerRole matrix; security configuration; audit-trail assessment and review planWHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; 21 CFR Part 11
CSV-04Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessInterfaces, migration and master data

Transfers, conversions, recipes, specifications and master data have controlled creation, verification, reconciliation and approval.

IT / System owners / QualityDigital-system dependentGate blockerMigration/interface protocol; reconciliation evidence; master-data workflowWHO data integrity; EU Annex 11
CSV-05Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessBackup, restore and disaster recovery

Frequency, segregation, encryption, retention, restore tests, recovery objectives and degraded operation are proven.

IT / System ownersDigital-system dependentMajorBackup design; restore and DR test; recovery and continuity proceduresEU Annex 11; WHO data integrity
CSV-06Computerised systems and data integrityGate 05 · Build and factory acceptanceDigital supplier and cloud assurance

Provider competence, hosting, security, service, incident, data ownership, audit, subcontracting and exit are assessed.

IT / Procurement / Quality / LegalConditionalMajorSupplier assessment; agreement/SLA; data-location and exit planPIC/S Ch. 7; WHO data integrity
CSV-07Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessOperational procedures and periodic review

User management, incident, change, audit trail, backup, business continuity and system review procedures are effective before use.

System owners / IT / QualityDigital-system dependentMajorApproved SOPs; trained users; periodic-review schedule; mock incidentEU Annex 11; ICH Q10
CSV-08Computerised systems and data integrityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessValidated release and data-integrity readiness

Requirements, tests, deviations, traceability, data migration, security and residual risks support formal use authorization.

System owner / Validation / QualityDigital-system dependentGate blockerValidation report; release approval; open-item assessment; DI readiness reviewWHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; PIC/S PI 006-4
QMS-01Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessQuality policy, manual and independent unit

Senior management defines the PQS, Quality authority, escalation and independent batch-disposition responsibility.

Senior management / Head of QualityCoreGate blockerQuality policy/manual; organisation chart; job authoritiesPIC/S Ch. 1 and 2; ICH Q10
QMS-02Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessDocument and record control

Policies, SOPs, forms, masters, electronic records, issuance, revision, archive, retention and destruction share one controlled lifecycle.

Quality documentation / ITCoreGate blockerDocument-control SOP; QMS master index; retention schedule; archive planPIC/S Ch. 4; WHO data integrity
QMS-03Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessRisk, deviation, CAPA and change systems

Risk decisions, unplanned events, root cause, actions, extensions, effectiveness and changes are controlled and linked.

Quality / All functionsCoreGate blockerApproved SOPs/registers; trained owners; mock case from initiation to closureICH Q9(R1); ICH Q10; PIC/S Ch. 1
QMS-04Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessOOS, complaints, returns and recall

Laboratory and market signals are triaged, investigated, escalated, trended and capable of effective market action.

Quality / QC / Supply chain / RegulatoryCoreGate blockerSOPs; contact matrix; complaint/OOS workflow; mock recall reportPIC/S Ch. 6 and 8
QMS-05Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessSelf-inspection, PQR and management review

Risk-based audit, product review, quality metrics and management oversight detect recurring and systemic weaknesses.

Quality / Senior managementCoreMajorProgrammes; schedules; templates; governance calendar; sample reviewPIC/S Ch. 1 and 9; ICH Q10
QMS-06Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessData governance and integrity

Critical data, ownership, ALCOA+, paper/electronic controls, review, culture, reporting channels and remediation are established.

Senior management / Quality / ITCoreGate blockerData-governance framework; maps; risk assessment; DI training and reviewWHO TRS 1033 Annex 4; PIC/S PI 041-1
QMS-07Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessBatch review, certification and release

Executed records, deviations, OOS, IPCs, yields, validation, status and market requirements support documented disposition.

Quality assurance / QCCoreGate blockerBatch-review checklist; release procedure; authorized roles; trial reviewPIC/S Ch. 1, 4 and 6
QMS-08Pharmaceutical quality system and documentationGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessSite Master File and inspection system

The site description, licences, layouts, products, utilities, QMS and outsourced operations agree with current evidence.

Quality / Regulatory / Site leadershipCoreGate blockerApproved SMF; inspection-room index; response governance; gap trackerPIC/S Ch. 4; WHO TRS 961 Annex 14
PPL-01Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptOrganisation and resource model

Headcount, shifts, supervision, independent Quality/QC, engineering, validation, regulatory and support functions match the operating plan.

Site leadership / HR / QualityCoreGate blockerOrganisation chart; staffing model; workload and shift assessmentPIC/S Ch. 2; ICH Q10
PPL-02Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessJob descriptions and deputies

Responsibilities, qualifications, GMP authority, conflicts, delegation and deputies are approved before personnel act independently.

HR / Department heads / QualityCoreMajorControlled job descriptions; authorization and deputy matrixPIC/S Ch. 2
PPL-03Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessTraining-needs and qualification curricula

Each role maps to GMP, procedure, safety, equipment, task and requalification requirements.

Department heads / HR / QualityCoreGate blockerRole curricula; training matrix; prerequisites and qualification pathsPIC/S Ch. 2; revised Schedule M
PPL-04Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessRecruitment and competence verification

Critical roles have documented education, experience, assessment, practical demonstration and authorised scope.

HR / Department heads / QualityCoreGate blockerCV/credential checks; assessments; observed demonstrations; authorizationPIC/S Ch. 2
PPL-05Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessHealth, hygiene and gowning

Medical fitness, illness reporting, personal hygiene, gown selection, laundering and gowning qualification match area risk.

HR / Occupational health / QualityCoreMajorSOPs; medical programme; gowning studies; qualification recordsPIC/S Ch. 2; Annex 1 where applicable
PPL-06Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 06 · Commissioning and turnoverContractor and visitor control

Temporary personnel, technical specialists and visitors are qualified, inducted, supervised and access-limited.

User departments / Security / QualityCoreMajorContractor procedure; inductions; permits; access and escort recordsPIC/S Ch. 2 and 7
PPL-07Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessTraining system and records

Approved materials, qualified trainers, attendance, competence, retraining, overdue escalation and data integrity are operational.

HR / Quality / Department headsCoreGate blockerTraining SOP/system; trainer list; effectiveness tools; sample recordsPIC/S Ch. 2; ICH Q10
PPL-08Organisation, people, training and hygieneGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-upShift and start-up readiness

Every shift has adequate trained operators, reviewers, maintenance response, laboratory support, deputies and escalation coverage.

Operations / QC / Engineering / QualityCoreGate blockerShift competency matrix; readiness roster; gap and contingency planPIC/S Ch. 2; QRM
VAL-01Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 04 · URS and detailed designValidation Master Plan and system boundaries

Facilities, utilities, equipment, methods, cleaning, processes, systems and transport have risk-based lifecycle strategies.

Validation / Quality / System ownersCoreGate blockerApproved VMP; system list/boundaries; validation schedule and responsibilitiesPIC/S PI 006-4; WHO TRS 1019 Annex 3
VAL-02Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 04 · URS and detailed designDesign qualification and commissioning leverage

URS and risk controls are traced through design; suitable commissioning evidence is planned, reviewed and retained for qualification use.

Engineering / Validation / Users / QualityCoreGate blockerDQ/design reviews; traceability; commissioning plan; leverage rationalePIC/S PI 006-4
VAL-03Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessIQ, OQ and performance qualification

Pre-approved tests challenge installation, operation, alarms, ranges, loads, users and worst cases with controlled deviations.

Validation / Engineering / Users / QualityCoreGate blockerProtocols/reports; traceability; deviations; formal release to next stagePIC/S PI 006-4; WHO validation guidance
VAL-04Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceProcess validation and PPQ

Process knowledge, scale-up, sampling, acceptance, batches, statistics and deviations demonstrate reproducibility and control.

Technical / Production / QC / Validation / QualityCoreGate blockerPPQ strategy/protocol/report; batch evidence; approved conclusionPIC/S PI 006-4; FDA Process Validation
VAL-05Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceCleaning validation

Worst-case products/equipment, limits, methods, recovery, locations, holds, campaigns and routine verification are scientifically justified.

Validation / Production / QC / QualityCoreGate blockerCleaning-validation master plan; protocols/reports; matrix; lifecycle controlsPIC/S PI 006-4; WHO TRS 1033 Annex 2
VAL-06Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceAnalytical validation, verification and transfer

Methods are suitable at the receiving laboratory and support raw materials, IPCs, release, cleaning and stability decisions.

QC / Technical / QualityCoreGate blockerValidation/verification/transfer protocols and reports; deviationsICH Q2(R2); WHO QC laboratory guidance
VAL-07Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 08 · Transfer and process performanceHold-time, storage and transport qualification

Process holds, cleaned-equipment holds, mapped storage and shipping conditions are supported before routine use.

Validation / Supply chain / Production / QualityCoreMajorStudies; mapping; transport qualification; excursion and monitoring plansWHO TRS 992 Annex 4; GDP; PI 006-4
VAL-08Qualification, validation and technology transferGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-upContinued verification and requalification

Critical parameters, utilities, process capability, cleaning, alarms, trends and change signals drive periodic review and requalification.

Process owners / Validation / QualityCoreMajorCPV plan; trending dashboard; requalification matrix; review triggersPIC/S PI 006-4; ICH Q10
EHS-01EHS, security and business continuityGate 02 · Feasibility and conceptEnvironmental and statutory compliance

Environmental assessment, emissions, effluent, waste, water abstraction, hazardous storage and operating permits cover the final design.

EHS / Legal / ProjectJurisdiction-specificGate blockerEIA/ESIA; permits; compliance register; monitoring and reporting planNational environmental law; project conditions
EHS-02EHS, security and business continuityGate 04 · URS and detailed designChemical and hazardous-material control

Hazards, compatibility, storage, transfer, exposure, spill, disposal and emergency controls are built into the process.

EHS / Warehouse / UsersCoreMajorChemical inventory; SDS; risk assessments; segregation and spill plansNational OHS law; WHO hazardous GMP
EHS-03EHS, security and business continuityGate 06 · Commissioning and turnoverFire and emergency systems

Detection, alarm, suppression, evacuation, emergency power, access and response reflect chemical, occupancy and business risks.

EHS / Engineering / SecurityJurisdiction-specificGate blockerFire design approval; cause-and-effect tests; evacuation and response plansNational fire/building codes
EHS-04EHS, security and business continuityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessOccupational exposure and ergonomics

Exposure limits, containment, local extraction, PPE, monitoring, health surveillance and manual handling are risk-based.

EHS / Occupational health / EngineeringCoreMajorExposure assessments; control verification; PPE matrix; health programmeNational OHS law; HBEL concepts
EHS-05EHS, security and business continuityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessWaste, effluent and antimicrobial-resistance control

Segregation, treatment, contractor qualification, reconciliation and environmental monitoring address product and API hazards.

EHS / Engineering / QualityProduct-specificMajorWaste map; effluent design; contracts; manifests; AMR risk assessment where relevantWHO TRS 1025 Annex 6; national law
EHS-06EHS, security and business continuityGate 07 · Qualification and operational readinessPhysical security and access

Site perimeter, sensitive areas, controlled substances, data rooms, printed components and dispatch have authorised and reviewable access.

Security / IT / Quality / WarehouseCoreMajorSecurity risk assessment; access matrix; visitor and incident recordsNational law; supply-chain security practice
EHS-07EHS, security and business continuityGate 09 · Licensing and inspection readinessBusiness continuity and disaster recovery

Power, water, IT, cold storage, utilities, critical suppliers, laboratory, fire and natural hazards have tested recovery strategies.

Site leadership / IT / Engineering / Supply chainCoreMajorBusiness-impact analysis; continuity plans; backups; alternate arrangementsICH Q9(R1); ICH Q10
EHS-08EHS, security and business continuityGate 10 · Controlled commercial start-upEmergency drills and incident integration

Fire, spill, medical, utility, data, security and recall exercises produce actions that enter the PQS and management review.

EHS / Security / Quality / LeadershipCoreMajorDrill schedule/reports; incident records; CAPA and effectiveness evidenceNational law; ICH Q10

Decision rule: unresolved “Gate blocker” items normally prevent the related stage gate from closing unless a qualified, documented risk decision establishes an acceptable interim control. This educational tool does not certify GMP compliance.

Cross-functional ownership

Fourteen workstreams—one readiness decision.

The workbook assigns a suggested lead, but evidence normally crosses functions. No single department can declare a pharmaceutical factory GMP-ready.

01GOV

Project governance and regulatory strategy

02PRC

Product, process and containment strategy

03FAC

Site, facility, zoning and flows

04AIR

HVAC, environment and contamination control

05UTL

Water, process utilities and infrastructure

06EQP

Equipment, automation and asset lifecycle

07PRO

Production and packaging operations

08SUP

Materials, suppliers, warehousing and distribution

09LAB

Quality control, microbiology and stability

10CSV

Computerised systems and data integrity

11QMS

Pharmaceutical quality system and documentation

12PPL

Organisation, people, training and hygiene

13VAL

Qualification, validation and technology transfer

14EHS

EHS, security and business continuity

Common project failures

Find expensive weaknesses while correction is still possible.

Failure patternWhat it createsBetter control
Order equipment before fixing the portfolioRooms, containment, utilities and capacities no longer match products or markets.Approve product, process, hazard and licensing assumptions first.
Treat drawings as GMP designLayouts look complete but flows, cleaning, data, sampling, maintenance and failure modes remain unresolved.Trace approved user requirements and risks into design reviews and DQ.
Let construction changes bypass QualityInstalled systems differ from qualified drawings, specifications and regulatory commitments.Use controlled field changes, configuration records and verified as-builts.
Write SOPs after commissioningSystems cannot be operated, maintained, sampled or reviewed consistently during qualification.Develop procedures, forms, training and lifecycle plans alongside system turnover.
Validate isolated machinesInterfaces among utilities, rooms, people, materials, software, laboratory and process are missed.Qualify systems and end-to-end process/data flows, not equipment stickers.
Use installation completion as readinessThe facility starts with untrained staff, weak suppliers, incomplete methods and unresolved punch items.Close evidence-based operational, QMS, laboratory and supply gates before GMP use.
Prepare only for the opening inspectionControls cannot sustain routine production, maintenance, deviations, trends and supply disruption.Design continued verification, management review and operating resilience before launch.

Connected control system

Link readiness evidence to the controlled QMS.

Use the master index to convert workbook gaps into controlled policies, programmes, SOPs, specifications, methods, protocols, records and governance evidence.

Open the QMS master index Review the factory setup roadmap

Primary source framework

Current requirements and practices used for the workbook.

Official sources accessed 20 October 2026. Confirm current national law, authority interpretations, adopted standards, product registrations and project conditions before implementation.

Draft-status discipline: proposed future texts can inform design flexibility, but this workbook does not present consultation drafts or concept papers as current binding requirements.

Educational notice: This workbook supports project governance and gap assessment. It is not legal advice, an approved validation document, a substitute for qualified engineering or a certification of GMP compliance.